Essay on John Wayne Gacy - 1494 Words

John Wayne Gacy was born in Chicago, Illinois on March 17 1942. Gacy had an uneventful childhood up until the age of eleven. While out playing he had been struck on the head by a swing. Subsequently he suffered fainting fits for many years. Gacy graduated from business school and went on to work as a shoe salesman for the Nunn Bush shoe company. Gacy met and then married work colleague Marilynn Myres in 1964. The marriage ended when Gacy was imprisoned for ten years at a correctional institute in Waterloo, Iowa for various sex and violent crimes against young men. In 1971 Gacy was arrested again for trying to rape a teenage boy. John Wayne Gacy was married for the second time in 1972 to Carol Hoff. He set up a business as a†¦show more content†¦When investigating officers paid a visit to 8213 West Summerdale Avenue, Des Plaines, they followed the unpleasant smell to a trap door that led to the crawl space under Gacys house. On Friday, December 22, 1978, Gacy finally confessed to police that he killed at least thirty people and buried most of the remains of the victims beneath the crawl space of his house. According to the book Killer Clown: The John Wayne Gacy Murders by Sullivan and Maiken, Gacy said that, quot;his first killing took place in January, 1972, and the second in January, 1974, about a year and a half after his marriage.quot; He further confessed that he would lure his victims into being handcuffed and then he would sexually assault them. To muffle the screams of his victims, he would stuff a sock or underwear into their mouths and kill them by pulling a rope or board against their throats, as he raped them. Gacy admitted to sometimes keeping the dead bodies under his bed or in the attic for several hours before eventually burying them in the crawl space. On the first day that the police began their digging, they found two bodies. One of the bodies was buried under the garage. The other body was the one found in the crawl space. As the days passed, the body count grew higher. Some of the victims were found with their underwear still lodged deep in their throats. Other victims were buried so close together that police believed theyShow MoreRelatedJohn Wayne Gacy1511 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Wayne Gacy was born in Chicago, Illinois on March 17 1942. Gacy had an uneventful childhood up until the age of eleven. While out playing he had been struck on the head by a swing. Subsequently he suffered fainting fits for many years. Gacy graduated from business school and went on to work as a shoe salesman for the Nunn Bush shoe company. Gacy met and then married work colleague Marilynn Myres in 1964. The marriage ended when Gacy was imprisoned for ten years at a correctional instituteRead MoreJohn Wayne Gacy2054 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿ John Wayne Gacy Edward Low Criminology Fall 2013 Professor Ortiz INTRODUCTION On March 17, 1942, John Wayne Gacy was born into an Irish middle-class family. His parents were Marion Gacy and John Gacy Sr. Gacy Jr. had enjoyed a uninteresting childhood until he suffered a head injury at a playground when he was 11. Up until age 16, Gacy had suffered blackouts due to the injury. After all he was put through, he worshipped his fatherRead MoreJohn Wayne Gacy Jr.4936 Words   |  20 Pagescriminal does what they do. John Wayne Gacy was born on May 17 (St. Patrick’s Day), 1942 to Marion Elaine Robinson Gacy and John Wayne Gacy, Sr. at Edgewater Hospital in Chicago. He was the second of three children. His older sister Joanne had preceded him by two years and two years after his birth came his sister Karen. The Gacy children were raised as Catholics and attended Catholic School (Taylor 2003). The neighborhood where Gacy grew up was a middle class neighborhood. Gacy, along with many of theRead MoreSerial Killer : John Wayne Gacy1846 Words   |  8 Pagesnotious serial killer is John Wayne Gacy also known as the clown man . John Wayne was born on March 17, 1942 in , Chicago ,illnois. he is son ofMarion Elaine Robinson and John Stanley Gacy. John is the only boy and he is the second oldest out three kids. He is of polish and Danish heritage Gacy and his siblings grew up with a drunken father who would beat the children with a razor strap if they would misbehave. He came from a middle class family . at the age of 11 john suffered from a a headRead MoreJohn Wayne Gacy s Life1267 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Wayne Gacy was born to a typical Chicago blue collar couple. His father was a World War I veteran who worked as a machinist and his mother was a homemaker. He was the only son of the three children born into the Gacy family. As an adolescent Gacy did not possess the typical attributes of the â€Å"popular crowd†. He was over-weight, and un-athletic and what some would describe as â€Å"A Mamas Boy†. Though he tried, Gacy could not cultivate much of a positive relationship with his fat her who is said toRead MoreBiography of John Wayne Gacy Essay1482 Words   |  6 PagesBiography of John Wayne Gacy One of the most horrendous serial killers in modern history would have to be John Wayne Gacy, Jr. He was the second of three children and born in 1942. He lived in Chicago and attended catholic schools, and wasnt a very popular boy in school. Gacy seemed to live a very normal childhood, with exception to his relationship with his father, and series of accidents that effected him. No one could have known what the future held for John, not even his father. When Gacy was elevenRead MoreInfamous serial killer, John Wayne Gacy, was born on March 17, 1942, in Chicago, Illinois. Gacy,500 Words   |  2 Pages Infamous serial killer, John Wayne Gacy, was born on March 17, 1942, in Chicago, Illinois. Gacy, born into an abusive environment, was assaulted physically along with his siblings, with a razor strap if they were perceived to have misbehaved by their alcoholic father. In addition, Gacy’s mother was physically abused as well throughout her marriage and during the children’s upbringing. During John Wayne Gacy’s childhood education, he suffered further alienation due to a congenital heart conditionRead MoreThe Case Of John Wayne Gacy1254 Words   |  6 Pagesmedically treated. Although, not all of these people should be allowed back into society after they have reached their sanity. Some extreme cases such as the case of John Wayne Gacy who was proven insane should still never be let back onto the public streets. J ohn Wayne Gacy murdered and raped 33 young men from the Chicago area then plead and Gacy was found insane. Thankfully Gacy’s insanity was ignored and he was sentenced to death. Some cases of insanity should be sentenced properly with treatment afterRead MoreTheories Of John Wayne Gacy1313 Words   |  6 PagesSerial killers such as John Wayne Gacy fall into some of the theories of deviance. The theories John Wayne Gacy falls into are the control theory and the antisocial personality disorder theory. John Wayne Gacy was born on March 17, 1942. He grew up in a Roman Catholic family. When Gacy was young he had an abusive father. His father would psychologically and physically abuse him. Gacy dropped out of highschool but later on went to college and graduated from business college. Gacy was also attracted toRead MoreCase Profile Of John Wayne Gacy1291 Words   |  6 Pages Criminal Profile of John Wayne Gacy John Gacy was a serial killer and rapist who sexually assaulted, tortured, and murdered thirty-three teenage and young men, John’s method of his murders would be by strangling them. These crimes were done between the years of 1972 and 1978, he was convicted of his crime in 1968 and found guilty in 1980. Gacy was born on March 17.,1942 in Chicago, Illinois. Growing up John had a very abusive childhood and also had a hard time with his sexuality. His alcoholic

Juvenile Delinquency Is A Crime Committed By A Young Person

The Juvenile is a young person who is between ages ten to eighteen and dependent on others for their survival. Delinquency refers to a crime committed by a young person. Juvenile Delinquency, for this reason, refers to a crime committed by a minor. The transition from childhood to adulthood is tough for some minors who end up in participating in criminal activities for survival. Much blame has been on the fall of social values, family ties and individuals. The disintegration of family norms has also contributed to increased crime rates. Most delinquents operate in groups and are usually under the influence of drugs. The following two studies check on the factors resulting in delinquency in minors. Title 1; Exploring Long-Term and Short-Term Risk Factors for Serious Delinquency The research question for the study was; Does a relationship between short-term risk factors and serious delinquency in relation to accumulated long-term risk factors. The article uses two approaches to answering the above questions; risk factor approach and situational approach (Van der Laan, Bloom Kleemans, 2009, p.420).The risk factor approach explain juvenile delinquency. Long-term risk factors are in different places and determine the behavior over long periods. An accumulation of long-term risks including insufficient parental care, antisocial behavior, poor school performance, results in a serious delinquent. The short-term risks depend on a situation that a person is in which may cause theShow MoreRelatedJuvenile Delinquency in the United States1585 Words   |  6 PagesJuvenile Crime Statistics Wendy R Swartz Keiser University Abstract: In this document, the topic of juvenile delinquency in the United States is thoroughly examined. Approximately 1.5 million minors (those are citizens who are under the age of 18) are arrested for criminal activity each year in the US. These juveniles are arrested for a variety of crimes; everything from petty vandalism and loitering to prostitution, drug dealing, and even murder. Of these, 70% of offenders will be tried andRead MoreJuveniles Getting Adult Jail Sentences: A Persuasive Essay1526 Words   |  6 PagesJuveniles getting Adult Jail Sentences Should juveniles get adult jail sentences? In todays society juvenile offenders are facing the law to full force, in two court systems. Not only are they tried in the juvenile justice system, but also charged as adults. The issue of charging juveniles as adults has stirred various views owing to the violent crimes committed by the young offenders. Politicians comment that the best solution is to lock up juvenile offenders for a long time and ignore rehabilitationRead MoreThe Labeling Theory For Juvenile Delinquency1577 Words   |  7 Pagescommit more crime. Rather than analyzing the occurrence of crimes among social groups, the labeling theory challenge us to truly understand deviants and what it means to be categorized as a deviant individual. Unlike the control theories that assumes all of us must be held in check or â€Å"controlled† if we are to resist the temptation to commit criminal or delinquency acts, this paper will dissect some important contributions the labelin g theory has made to the study of juvenile delinquency (pg.107).Read More Preventing Juvenile Delinquency Essay1386 Words   |  6 PagesPreventing Juvenile Delinquency The saying is that history often repeats itself. If this is true then society will have to deal with the complex burden of juvenile who eventually become adult criminals. However, if this saying is not true then the community in which juvenile delinquency exist must have the tool necessary to divert the youth in the community. If one is to change delinquent youth’s behavior, they need to variegate the justice system in order to prevent juvenile delinquent recidivismsRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency Is An Integral Part Of Criminology1559 Words   |  7 Pagescurb delinquency in juveniles. Children are expected to be obedient, respectful and imbibe virtues and good quality in them. Due to various reasons children do not follow settled social and legal dictum. Juvenile delinquency, as a legal concept is of recent origin. Juvenile delinquency is an integral part of criminology. The two cannot be separated since one of the reasons for crime and its continuance into adult life is the ineffective control and treatment of juveniles. Juvenile delinquency is aRead MoreThe Causes Of Juvenile Delinquency1172 Words   |  5 Pages Juvenile delinquents are children/adolescents that are between the ages of 10 and 18 and have committed any illegal act that violates the law. These acts arent usually referred to as â€Å"crimes† as they would be for adults. These â€Å"crimes† are committed by minors and are called â€Å"delinquent acts.† These delinquent acts are believed to be caused by a number of factors that include the minors brain development, environment and social interactions. Peer groups are a very strong influence that can causeRead MoreJuvenile Delinquency And Its Effect On Schools Essay957 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Juvenile delinquency appears to be increasing daily and this increase has impacted schools, communities and the government. Several years ago, gang violence was the driving force in delinquency and specifically targeted certain groups. More heinous crimes are being committed by youth under the age of 18. The problem continues about where to place the youth based on the crime and also considering their age. The mirroring of delinquency has been perceived by others who are challengedRead MoreJuvenile Justice System1739 Words   |  7 PagesThe juvenile justice system is a foundation in society that is granted certain powers and responsibilities. It faces several different tasks, among the most important is maintaining order and preserving constitutional rights. When a juvenile is arrested and charged with committing a crime there are many different factors that will come in to play during the course of his arrest, trial, conviction, sentencing, and rehabilitation process. Th is paper examines the Juvenile Justice System’s court processRead MoreJuvenile Justice System Essay1694 Words   |  7 PagesThe juvenile justice system is a foundation in society that is granted certain powers and responsibilities. It faces several different tasks, among the most important is maintaining order and preserving constitutional rights. When a juvenile is arrested and charged with committing a crime there are many different factors that will come in to play during the course of his arrest, trial, conviction, sentencing, and rehabilitation process. This paper examines the Juvenile Justice System’s court processRead MoreThe Major Relationships Of Criminal Behavior1532 Words   |  7 Pagesconflicting. Knowing the relationship between the two can allow us to know what ages are most likely to do certain crimes and what ages are most likely to do crime in general. That will allow us to prepare age groups and teach them right from wrong. If we know a person at 18 years old is most likely to perform a certain type of crime we can correctly educate people around that age about crime and re-teach right from wrong. Whether it is in school or neighborhood programs, we can correctly prepare for

Saddam Hussein - 7914 Words

Saddam Hussein From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Redirected from Saddam) Saddam Hussein Enlarge Saddam Hussein Sadd#257;m Hussein #699;Abd al-Majid al-Tikr#299;t#299; (Often spelled Husayn or Hussain; Arabic #1589;#1583;#1575;#1605; #1581;#1587;#1610;#1606; #1593;#1576;#1583;#1575;#1604;#1605;#1580;#1610;#1583; #1575;#1604;#1578;#1603;#1585;#1610;#1578;#1610;; born April 28, 1937 1) was President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. A rising star in the revolutionary Baath Party, which espoused secular pan-Arabism, economic modernization, and socialism, Saddam (see 2 regarding names) played a key role in the bloodless 1968 coup that brought the party to power. As vice president under the frail and elderly†¦show more content†¦The stranglehold of the old elites (the conservative monarchists, established families, and merchants) was breaking down in Iraq. Moreover, the populist pan-Arab nationalism of Gamal Abdel Nasser in Egypt would profoundly influence the young Baathist, even up to the present day. The rise of Nasser foreshadowed the wave of revolutions throughout the Middle East in the fifties and sixties, which would see the collapse of the monarchies of Iraq, Egypt, and Libya. Nasser challenged the British and French, nationalized the Suez Canal, and strove to modernize Egypt and unite the Arab world politically. [edit] Rise in the Baath party A year after Saddam had joined the Baath party, army officers led by General Abdul Karim Qassim overthrew Faisal II of Iraq. The Baathists opposed the new government, and in 1959, Saddam was involved in the attempted assassination of Prime Minister Qassim. Saddam was shot in the leg, but managed to flee to Syria, from where he later moved to Egypt. He was sentenced to death, in absentia. In exile he attended the University of Cairo law school. Army officers, including some aligned with the Baath party, came to power in Iraq in a military coup in 1963. However, the new government was ousted quickly, within seven to eight months torn by rife factionalism. Saddam returned to Iraq, but was imprisoned in 1964 when an anti-Baath group led by Abdul Rahman Arif took power. He escaped from jail in 1967 and became one of the leading members of theShow MoreRelatedThe Corruption Of Saddam Hussein1488 Words   |  6 Pagesthrough certain people, creating a havoc for those having to follow orders set by leaders they blindly follow. In Iraq, citizens have been tortured, forced to relocate their families, arrested and murdered. All of this happened under the control of Saddam Hussein and we have neither found, nor did he offer an explanation to these actions. He has been notorious for attacking people who disagreed with his opinions, especially other politicians that would give any sort of competition to access leadershipRead MoreEssay a bout The Fall of Saddam Hussein929 Words   |  4 PagesSaddam Hussein was a suppressive leader who struck fear into the world’s people. His destructive ways radiated as he attempted to eliminate the Kurdish population, nationalize Iraqi oil, and keep his regime in power. Yet, his strict rule helped start and maintain peace between the people of his country despite the many different religions living in the area. He protected his country against a theocratic form of government and for a period of time, Hussein was an ally of the United States. He ledRead MoreThe Gulf War and Saddam Hussein Essay1241 Words   |  5 Pages The man behind this attack was Iraqi dictator, Saddam Hussein. He considered the United Arab Emirates and Kuwait in an economic battle against Iraq. Oil production, oil prices, the Iraqi debt owed to Kuwait, and the aims of Iraq to increase its control in Kuwait served as a trigger for this attack. Prior to the war negotiation did take place between Iraq and Kuwait although they could not reach an agreeable conclusion. Afterwards, Saddam Hussein and American ambassador Catherine Glaspie met andRead MoreAnalysis Of Mary Ewalds Letter To Saddam Hussein703 Words   |  3 Pagesis the son of a woman named Mary Ewald, who was kidnapped from the SAS Hotel in Kuwait City. Any mother (well any good one at least) would feel distraught at the loss of a child and Mary Ewald is no exception. She decides to write a letter to Saddam Hussein (care of Ambassador al-Machat), who was president of Iraq at the time, in order to persuade him to relinquish her child to her. This letter, while not length y, derives its strength from Ewald’s rhetoric and her all-encompassing love for her childRead MoreSaddam Hussein s Full Takeover Of Iraq1250 Words   |  5 PagesThis would set the stage for Saddam Hussein’s full takeover of Iraq, making way for further deterioration of Iraq-Iran relations. Iraq would arrest several Iranian representatives and place Ayatollah Mohammed Bakr al-Sadr on trial for treason as a response to Ayatollah Khomeini and Prime Minister Barzagan’s continued support of the Shi’a opposition to Saddam Hussein’s Ba’athist regime. Furthered broadcasting of rebellion to the Shi’a Muslims in Iraq and the assignation of the Iraqi Prime MinisterRead MoreCNN or CIA In August of 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of1500 Words   |  6 PagesCNN or CIA In August of 1990, Iraqi leader Saddam Hussein ordered the invasion and occupation of Kuwait. Within less than a year, the United States and thirty-three other nations decided to respond with war. A series of individuals and organizations across the globe suggested that the United States and other nations had ulterior motives that prompted the intervention. However, these reasons failed to surface in the media’s debates. The United States media used censorship and deceit to steerRead MoreCritically Evaluate How the Situational Model of Leadership Can Be Used to Explain the Behaviour of Saddam Hussein2056 Words   |  9 PagesIntroduction Saddam Hussein was the President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003 and during his time in office was responsible for a tumultuous period in Iraqi history. For the purposes of analysis of his leadership style with respect to a Situational model, three areas of his career will be looked at separately; his rise to presidency from Vice-President, during the Iran-Iraq War and post invasion of Kuwait. Situational model of leadership A widely recognised situational model is the model developedRead MoreIn 2003, George W. Bush invaded Iraq, believing that the country’s president Saddam Hussein was800 Words   |  4 PagesIn 2003, George W. Bush invaded Iraq, believing that the country’s president Saddam Hussein was using weapons of mass destruction against the people of Iraq. This war started a larger war, named â€Å"Operation Iraqi Freedom†. The consequence of this inessential war were the lives of over 4000 Americans, over 1 trillion dollars in spending, and superfluous tension in the Middle East. Though there are many theories on why Bush invaded Iraq, the one that makes the most sense is overconfidence. Simply putRead MoreGrendel And Saddam Hussein1136 Words   |  5 PagesAt the end of Saddam Hussein rein over Iraq he had killed thousands of innocent civilians of his own country. Hussein was the leader of Iraq for 24 years he had killed over 5,000 innocent people. Hussein believed that God put him on this earth to become the president of Iraq and to help educate the children of his country. Saddam Hussein and Grendel from the book of Beowulf are similar because they both had the ability to kill a large number of people at one time, they also believed that their killingsRead MoreU.s. Iraq During The Reign Of Saddam Hussein4113 Words   |  17 Pagesof Saddam Hussein†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Page 3-7 Summary of first half†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.Page 7 Iraq after the overthrow of Saddam Hussein†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..Page 7-13 Summary of Second half†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 13 Conclusion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦... Page 14-15 Analysis of Current Events: ISIS in Iraq†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦......Page 16 Works Cited†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Page 17 Abstract In order to fully interpret the nation of Iraq’s holistic condition during and after the Saddam Era

Outsourcing Management Information Systems-Samples for Students

Queston: Discuss about the Advantages and Disadvantages Of Outsourcing Business Functions. Answer: Introduction Outsourcing of the business functions refers to the process wherein a company purchases a product or service from an external vendor instead of performing the business operations in the business facilities of the organization. The outsourcing strategy is commonly adopted by the business organization to cut the operational cost of the organization. The outsourcing decision is a strategic decision of the organization as the organization has to tradeoff between the potential cost saving and the loss of control over the manufacturing of the product or service. In the recent years, outsourcing industry has observed immense growth in the outsourcing industry with the changing business philosophy of the business organizations. Previously, large companies used to invest in a large number of unrelated businesses to reduce the comparative risk (McIvor, 2010). However, several of these companies have realized that operating a large number of unconnected businesses have limited advantages. Conse quently, the companies have started developing core competence and all other supporting activities are outsources. Today, outsourcing is the most common phenomenon with the companies of all size and industries indulging in it. Outsourcing provides numerous benefits such as cost savings and focus on the core competency of the organization. Project Objective The primary aim of the following project is to explore the phenomenon of outsourcing and its numerous benefits and challenges for the business organizations. Today, most of the companies have undertaken outsourcing activities to reduce their cost of operations. However, there are several challenges in the successful implementation of outsourcing. The current literature review will examine the different challenges of the outsourcing activities for the organization. The business organizations face the risk of information breach, less efficiency and decrease in customer satisfaction with the outsourcing activities. Project Scope The project will discuss the outsourcing activities of different companies. The project will discuss the benefits and thee drawbacks of the outsourcing activities. However, the scope of the current project is limited to the secondary sources. In the present research, all the information is obtained from the secondary sources so the success or the failure of the project is dependent upon the viability and the credibility of the secondary resources. The current research project will only focus on the benefits and the drawbacks of the outsourcing activities. Therefore, it will not provide any additional information provided by the research scholars. Literature Review According to Gospel and Sako (2010), outsourcing refers to the process wherein a business organization transfers its associated or auxiliary operations to a third party vendor so that it can focus on its core competency. It also reduces the overall cost to the organization and increases the organizational efficiency. Today, most of the business organizations have expanded their operations overseas in different developing and developed nations. These organizations adopt the outsourcing business model to reduce their cost and exploit the differences in the labor and the manufacturing cost in different countries. The information technology companies are pioneer in adopting outsourcing business model and it has been crucial in saving a significant amount of cost of these organizations. Outsourcing can be defined as the transfer of duties, operations and the authority to someone outside the usual workplace. In the perception of Lientz (2009), the primary reason for the outsourcing activity is often cited as the development of competitive advantage. The side-operations of the organization which increases the workload of the employees unnecessarily high and deviate their mind from the core business activities of the organization are transferred to some other organizations. However, only those activities are transferred to an external organization which cannot be used against the organization in some negative manner. Moreover, if any data breach occurs in these activities, the negative impact on the organization is minimal. With the challenges and the risk associated with the outsourcing activities, there have been numerous options available for the outsourcing. For instance, a business organization can outsource a part of the process or a whole process to a third part y vendor. According to Schniederjans (2006), the outsourcing activities of a business organization are dependent upon increasing the customer service quality and reducing the overall operational costs. The outsourcing activities also allow the business organization to enter the market of a foreign country. With these processes, they can temporarily create employment and contribute to the local economy. It can also increase the access of the organization to the skilled labor and manufacturing technology. If a business organization does not have the labor equipped with the desired skills, the organization can outsource the activity to an expert organization. Along with it, the organization can also address the issue of manpower shortage with the outsourcing activities. If a business organization suddenly gets bulk order and it does not have the manpower to handle the project, it can outsource the business activities to the external organizations. During the outsourcing activities, it is important for a business organization to outsource the activities which are most beneficial for the organization. Some of the most common business activities which can be outsourced to the external vendors are human resource management, accounting process, technical support infrastructure or the legal procedures. In the perception of Miozzo and Grimshaw (2011), the outsourcing functions provide several unique benefits to the business organizations. One of the most significant benefits, which drive the companies to adopt thee outsourcing model is the immense cost benefits that the process provides. Most of the business organizations try to cut cost by the adoption of this model. Due to the currency rate difference between the developed and the developing countries, the manufacturing and the labor cost is significantly small in developing countries like China and Indonesia. In these countries, the labor is available in large amount at a cheaper cost. It drastically reduces the total production cost to the organization. Other than that, the companies can also outsource other side operations such as human resource functions like payroll design or legal work to third parties. In these cases, the companies will save cost as instead of hiring an expert for the work, it can outsource the work wheneve r there is any requirement for the services. Another significant benefit of the business is that the organization can pay attention to it core activities. In the present times, there is lot of competition. The business organizations face tremendous competition and constantly face the threat in which the competitors snatch away the market share of the leading organizations. Therefore, it is very much important for the organizations to develop a core competency or competitive advantage in their operations. In this regard, outsourcing activities can be used by the business organizations to improve their core business operations. As such, by concentrating on core business functions, the business organizations can develop their competitive advantage. The business organization can also use outsourcing activities to improve their business operations. Another significant advantage of outsourcing method is skill acquisition of the employees. Today, the business environment has become dynamic and complex. In order to run successful operations, it is important to have a diversified team which is talented in several aspects. An organization can expand its expertise, technical knowledge and other skills. Most commonly, the business organizations also outsource their business to the companies who specialize in a specific business field. The supplier company has the employee in appropriate strength, skills and experience that they can perform a certain task in better than the parent company. The assistance provided as such a benefit the company a lot in terms of time efficiency, quality and cost saving (MCiVOR, 2010). Similarly, Jain, Hasija and Popescu (2013) have discussed that another benefit of the outsourcing activity is enhanced customer satisfaction. With the outsourcing, the company has the opportunity to transfer their work to other companies which are well-equipped with technology, skills or expertise. It will result in better service to the customers and can eventually impact on the customer satisfaction. Since the work will be performed by the industry experts, the customer satisfaction will proportionally increase with the expertise of the outsourcing companies. These organizations have an entire workforce dedicated for completing the task; therefore, if one of the employees gets sick or is not present, the organization is bound to find a replacement of the person. If the outsourcing center in in a foreign country, the company can also provide services at odd times. According to Hsuan and Mahnke (2011), another interlinked facet of outsourcing is enhancement of operational efficiency. As per the above discussion, if the organization wants to sustain in the marketplace, it has to recruit highly talented people who can create a competitive advantage for the companies. The outsourcing is mean to achieve this competitive advantage or operational efficiency. It allows the organization to seek maximum efficiency and implement them within the organization. The efficiency refers to high product or service quality with timely delivery of task. It also allows the home employees of the organization to focus on important task and accomplish them with a high degree of efficiency. The organization can focus on its core objectives instead of daily supervising the mundane or regular task. In the views of Schniederjans, Schniederjans, Schniederjans (2015), outsourcing activities also allow the benefit of risk sharing to all the companies. The companies can develop a contract in which they can share organizational risk with the outsourcing companies. While entering into an outsourcing agreement, the companies have to evaluate several aspects such as they are offering high quality of service and timely completion of the projects. The companies also need to evaluate that the outsourcing company is offering the same service as mentioned in the agreement. If the external vendor fails to do so, the company can file a legal case against them. Along with the numerous benefits as discussed by Miozzo and Grimshaw, (2011), there are also certain disadvantages associated with the outsourcing activities. The foremost disadvantage associated with the outsourcing activity is the data and information risk. While outsourcing he business activities to an external vendor, the company has to share a lot of confidential and sensitive information with third party. It increases the vulnerability of the organization. Even when the supplier or the vendor does not have any mal-intent, it might be possible that the security system of the external vendor is not robust. However, it makes the entire organization more vulnerable to the security attacks. Han and Mithas (2013) have stated that the outsourcing activity also creates various administrative issues related to the management and control of the outsourced activities. When an organization enter into an outsourcing deal, they sign a contract wherein it is written all the duties, responsibilities and evaluation will be conducted be the outsourcing companies. However, it creates several administrative challenges for the organization. If the principles of the organization do not match with the outsourced organization or if the outsourcing organization is dealing with more than two companies, it can create hurdles for the organization. Therefore, it is important that the organization implement a proper managerial control over the organization. Another issue in the outsourcing activity is that the most of the times, the companies have to deal with hidden expenses which were not mentioned earlier in the project signing document. There are several hidden expenses such as verification of online document or any other legal procedure. As a result, it is important to establish a proper framework for the outsourcing activities. Conclusion Conclusively, it is stated that outsourcing activities have high potential and would be to reduce the cost of the organization. There are numerous benefits of outsourcing such as low cost operations, higher efficiency and skill development. The companies use the outsourcing activities to reduce their overall operational costs by taking advantage of the difference in the labor costs or the manufacturing costs to the organization. Other than that, an organization can easily access efficient workforce in an instant with the outsourcing method. The outsourcing also reduces the challenges of human resource shortage of the organization. Outsourcing has numerous challenges also as the organization becomes more vulnerable to security or IT data breach. Along with it, the organization will also face other challenges such as reduction in control over other activities of the organization. The organization will also several other challenges such as reduction of control over the supporting activities of the organization. When the organization will lose control over these activities, the quality of services provided to the customers will also be questionable References Dhar, S., (2012). 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